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  A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the study of all history in time. Interview, where questions are asked to elicit information. The interviewer is usually a professional or paid researcher, sometimes trained, who poses questions to the interviewee, in an alternating series of usually brief questions and answers. They can be contrasted with focus groups in which an interviewer questions a group of people and observes the resulting conversation between interviewees, or surveys which are more anonymous and limit respondents to a range of predetermined answer choices. In addition, there are special considerations when interviewing children. In phenomenological or ethnographic research, interviews are used to uncover the meanings of central themes in the life world of the subjects f...

  Integration refers to the act or process of uniting different things. Or Is the calculation of an integral to find many useful quantities such as area volume and displacement. Business integration is the process where a business merge or take over another business. Integration can be used in business or economics to calculate the various economic problem as i mentioned and explained below; 1. Cost functions from marginal cost functions If C is the cost of producing an output x, then marginal cost function MC = dc/dxUsing integration, as the reverse process of differentiation, we obtain, Cost function C = ∫ ( MC ) dx + k Where k is the constant of integration which is to be evaluated. 2. Revenue functions from Marginal revenue functions If R is the total revenue function when the output is x, then marginal revenue MR = dR/dx Integrating with respect to ‘ x ’ we get Revenue Function, R = ∫ ( MR ) dx + k. Where ‘k’ is the constant of integration which can be evalua...

  INTRODUCTION   System of Mainland Tanzania The legal system of Tanzania is largely based on common law, as stated previously, but is also accommodates Islamic or customary laws, the latter sources of law being called upon called upon in personal or family matters. The judiciary is formed by the various courts of judicature and is independent of the government. Tanzania adheres to and respects the constitutional principles of separation of powers.The Constitutional makes provision for the establishment of an independent judiciary, and the respect for the principles of the rule of law, human rights and good governance. The Judiciary in Tanzania can be illustrated as follows. The Judiciary in Tanzania has four tiers: The Court of Appeal of the United Republic of Tanzania, the High Courts for Mainland Tanzania and Tanzania Zanzibar, Magistrates Courts, which are at two levels, i.e. the Resident Magistrate Courts and the District Court, both of which have concurrent juris...

  INTRODUCTION. The settler economy involved production by foreigners who usually represented the interests of the metropolis. It was operated by European immigrants who came to settle in African countries. It was practiced in places like Botswana, Mozambique, Algeria, Angola, South Africa and Kenya.(W.John,2017). This was the system which involved the production of cash crops at a larger scale.European and some Asiansettlers owned these large scale farms.(L. Renatus,2017). Settler economy involved production by foreigners who had settled permanently in the colonies, It was mainly characterized by Land allienation, it favored most of the settlers in tearm of human resouses and taxation. It was done from the main interest of the colonial power. (S. Wilbert, 2016). Settler Economy in Tanzania. According to B.C.Nindi(1987), provide the evidence on the existence of whites settlement in Tanganyika in the area such as Iringa, Arusha and Lushoto Tanga for agricultural production...

  Introduction Foreign aid is defined as the voluntary transfer of resources from one country to another country. This transfer includes any flow of capital to developing countries. A developing country usually does not have a robust industrial base and is characterized by a low Human Development Index (HDI). Foreign aid can be in the form of a loan or a grant. It may be in either a soft or hard loan. This distinction means that if repayment of the aid requires foreign currency, then it is a hard loan. If it is in the home currency, then it’s a soft loan. The World Bank lends in hard loans, while the loans of its affiliates are soft loans. Foreign aid is one of the most significant sources of foreign exchange. There are five different types of foreign aid programs. Bilateral Aid Assistance given by a government directly to the government of another country is Bilateral Aid. It is when the capital flows from a developed nation to a developing country.   Strategic poli...

  Makala hii imegawanyika katika sehemu tatu, Yaani utanguliz, kiini na mwisho. Utanfulizi wa kazi tumejadili maana ya muundo, maana ya sarufi miundo kwa mujibu wa wataalamu mbalimbali, maana ya jumla ya sarufi miundo, waasisi wa sarufi miundo na malengo ya sarufi miundo, kiini cha kazi tumejadili tumejadili utengamano wa sarufi miundo na matawi mengine ya sarufi kama vile fonoloj Kabla ya kueleza maana ya Sarufi miundo, tufafanue kwanza dhana ya muundo. Muundo ni mpangilio wa vitu vidogo vilivyowekwa pamoja na kujenga kitu kikubwa zaidi. Kutokana na fasili hii ya muundo twaweza kuihusisha na lugha kuwa nayo huundwa na vipashio vidogo ambavyo huwekwa pamoja Sarufi miundo au sintaksia ni tawi la isimu ambalo linahusu namna maneno yanavyoungana na kuhusiana katika kirai au sentensi. Sintaksia inachunguza namna maneno yanavyojipanga katika sentensi kwa kuzingatia kanuni za Sarufi ya lugha husika. Huu ni mkabala wa kuchunguza vipashio vya lugha vinavyoungana na kujenga vipashio vik...

  Fonimu Ni kipande kidogo kabsa katika mfumo wa sauti za lugha ambacho kina sifa pambanuzi na kuweza kukitofautisha na vipande vingine vya aina yake. ( Massamba, 2004). Habwe na karanja, (2007). Wanasema kuwa fonimu Ni kipande sauti ambacho hutumika katika kujenga maneno ya lugha kwa mfano vitamkwa Kama /p/, /b/, /u/, /m/, /t/, /d/, /a/, /k/ na /n/. Tunaweza kujenga maneno Kama pumba, tunda, taka, muda, dunda, kama na kuta. Hivyo kwa ujumla fonimu tunaweza kufasili Kama kipashio kidogo kabsa Cha kifonolojia ambacho huwa na uwezo wa kujenga neno mfano /k/, /a/, /a/, fonimu hizi zinajenga neno "kaa", /t/, /I/, na /a/ zinajenga neno "tia". TUKI, (1990) wanasema fonolojia ni tawi la isimu ambalo hushughulikia uchambuzi was mfumo wa sauti zinazotumiwa katika lugha Fulani Habwe na karanja (2004), wanasema fonolojia ni utanzu unaochunguza jinsi sauti za lugha zinavyopangwa na kuungana katika lugha mahsusi ili kuunda utungo wenye maana kimawasiliano. Kwa ujumla t...