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CLASS: FORM ONE SUBJECT: CIVICS TOPIC: OUR NATION SUB-TOPIC: NATIONAL SYMBOLS             The meaning of nation Nation is the group of people who live in one territory, form their own and share a common government, culture, economy and history. Nation has several components such as territory, culture, sovereignty, people, and government.              National symbols Are signs which represent a nation and these symbols are very important as they serve as a reminder of our nationhood to us and to rest of the world. The following are those nation symbols of our nation (Tanzania). ·          The national anthem ·          The uhuru touch ·          The national currency ·          The national flag ·          The national constitution ·          The coat of arms and ·          The presidential standard. From those national symbols let us know discuss one national symbol after another                         1, NATIONAL ANTHEM This is the official so

By Type of Assistance There are primarily three projects of this category in the United Nations system: Institution Building Projects - these projects normally involve the creation or upgrading of a capacity to satisfy the recurrent needs of the target beneficiaries on a sustained basis. This defines the most common ICAO project, i.e. the establishment or strengthening of different parts of the civil aviation infrastructure. Direct Support Projects - direct Support Projects are projects formulated in response to a one-time need. They include such outputs as feasibility/pre-feasibility studies, increased skills of a particular group, research results and technical data. This type of project is not so common in the ICAO programmer although occasionally direct support projects are implemented, for example when experts, who are recruited to carry out operational functions in cases where the Directorate of Civil Aviation (DCA) does not have appropriately qualified staff for the de

Introduction According to the PMI, project planning is a procedure that involves the strategic management of the processes related to the project, generally known as “Knowledge Areas”. Consider project planning as the process of building the project’s navigation map which will guide you step by step through all the areas of interest, showing you the right path to a successful project Monitoring: Is the type of evaluation performed while a project is being implemented with the aim of improving the project design and functioning while in action. OR Is the continuous assessment that aims at providing all stake holders with early detailed information on the progress or delay of the ongoing assessed activities .It is an oversight of the activity’s implementation stage. It is purpose is to determine if the output, deliveries and schedule planned have been reached so that action can be taken to correct the deficiencies as quickly as possible (OECD, 2002). Evaluation ; is the studies

Introduction Planning, according to business dictionary can be defined as a basic management function involving formulation of one or more detailed plans to achieve optimum balance of needs or demands with the available resources .The planning process identifies the goals or objectives to be achieved, formulates strategies to achieve them arrange and creates the means required. According to Business Jargons planning is the fundamental management function which improves deciding beforehand what to be done when is it to be done, how it is to be done and who is going the action takes place. Monitoring ,is the systematic prices of collecting analyzing and using information to track a programme's toward reaching its objectives and to guide management decisions .Monitoring is conducted after a programme has begun and contains through the programme implementation period.Frankel and Goge 2007 Evaluation is the systematic assessment of the activity project programme strategy pol

Introduction Money is any item or verifiable record that is generally accepted as payment for goods and services and repayment of debts, such as taxes in particular country or social economic context (Mishkin, 2007). The main function of money are distinguished as: medium of exchange, store of value, unit of exchange and sometime referred as standard of differed payment.                                            Money is any good that is widely used and accepted in transactions involving the transformation of goods and services from one person to another (Johnson, 2006). What is Credit Creation? It is an open secret that the banks do not keep cent per cent reserve against deposits in order to meet the demands of depositors, (John,2007). The bank is not a cloak room where you can keep your currency notes or coins and claim those very notes or coins back when you desire. It is generally understood that money received by the bank is meant to be advanced to others. A deposi

INTRODUCTION Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) is a process that helps improve performance and achieve results. Its goal is to improve current and future management of outputs, outcomes and impact. It is mainly used to assess the performance of projects, institutions and programs set up by governments, international organizations and NGOs. It establishes links between the past, present and future actions (World bank, 2007). Monitoring is a continuous assessment that aims at providing all stakeholders with early detailed information on the progress or delay of the ongoing assessed activities. It is an oversight of the activity's implementation stage. Its purpose is to determine if the outputs, deliveries and schedules planned have been reached so that action can be taken to correct the deficiencies as quickly as possible (World bank, 2007). An evaluation is a systematic and objective examination concerning the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency and impact of activities i

Business Venture The business venture definition is a new business that is formed with a plan and expectation that financial gain will follow. Often, this kind of business is referred to as a small business, as it typically begins with a small amount of financial resources. Risk in business venture Financial Risk There are a number of different ways that a business can face financial risk. Some may be internal and others may be driven by external factors such as fluctuations in the financial markets or exchange rates. Non-payment from clients creates financial risk, as does poor financial planning and projection. These risks can lead to loss of income and to a negative cash flow, which if serious enough, can mean an end to your business. Technology Risk Technology may be the cause of some of the most common risks we face in business. These risks can range from anything as basic as a power outage through to hardware and software failure, malware and cyber-attacks. Such ris

PROJECT CATEGORIES Projects undertaken by VDOT vary in size, complexity, and risk; therefore, a one-size fits all approach to project management is unsuitable. Hence, a project ranking system has been defined to group projects by category based primarily on level of complexity and risk. The categorization of projects allows for a statewide consistent approach to scheduling and to ensure that the appropriate scheduling provision is applied. This is necessary to ensure that the appropriate level of scheduling efforts needed to establish and maintain schedule control on the project is applied. Project Category – Level of Complexity and Risk The VDOT project ranking system consists of six categories representing varying levels of complexity and risk ranging from very low to very high. Category M is the lowest, which represents typical maintenance projects and schedule type work. Categories I through V represent typical construction projects ranging from simple to ve