The following are the characteristics of Tanzania rocks rich in petroleum

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INTRODUCTION
Rock is a naturally formed, non-living earth material which are made of collections of mineral grains that are held together in a rim, solid mass.
Or
Is a natural occurring solid cohesive aggregate of one or more mineral materials) petroleum or crude oil is any naturally occurring flammable mixture of hydrocarbons found in geologic formations such as rock strata. (Carlson et al, 2008)
Most petroleum is a fossil and Heat on buried dead zooplankton and algae. The natural oil company of petroleum is called (TPDC) which means Tanzania petroleum Development Corporation which established in 1969.
 The following are the characteristics of Tanzania rocks rich in petroleum.
            The residual organic matter in deep source rocks reduces but the hydrocarbon expulsion rate and efficiencies increase with the burial depth. As far as deep source rocks are concerned, they have much smaller measured residual hydrocarbon amount and hydrocarbon potential than their middle-shallow counter parts and both reduce with the increase of the buried depth.
            The age of deep hydrocarbon reservoirs is widely different but those recently discovered arepredominantly Paleogene and upper Paleozoic are oil-gas reservoirs in deep petroliferous basis are similar to their middle or shallow counter parts in terms of formation distribution and the age of the reservoirs covers a wide range.
            The pressure of deep oil gas reservoirs typically varies with the buried depth, genesis and evolution period. Oil gas reservoirs formed under high porosities and high meabilities in middle-shallow petroliferous basins are typically buoyancy controlled thereby generally displaying high pressures. However have complex genesis thereby displaying diverse pressure.
            Deep oil gas reservoirs may exist with or without cap those without a cap are typically of unconventional genesis. Forming a hydrocarbon reservoir without relying on a cap is the unique geological feature of deep hydrocarbon entrapment. Conventional petroleum geological theory assumes that a cap is an indispensable geological element for the formation and preservation of any hydrocarbon reservoirs, without a cap it would be impossible for hydrocarbon to gather into a reservoir.
           There are many types of rocks in deep hydrocarbon reservoirs, most of them are clastic rocks carbonate. Deep target formations in petroliferous basins contain a satiety of rocks, through clastic rocks and carbonate are the predominant types of deep hydrocarbon reservoirs discovered so far with certain amount of volcanic and metamorphic rocks. Deep petroleum normally has more natural gas than liquid oil and the natural gas ratio increases with the burial depth.
   

               Types of petroliferous traps are developed in deep basins, oil gas bearing features in deep basin taps are arousing increase attention. According to the conventional trap classification include tectonic traps, stratigraphic traps, lithological traps, structural-lithological-stratigraphic traps different types of traps differ significantly in terms of their reserves.
             The porosity and permeability of deep hydrocarbon reservoirs are widely different, but they vary with the lithology and buried depth. The porosities and permeability of target formations for deep oil-gas reservoirs in petroliferous basins vary widely, ranging from high-porosity, high permeability of high quality reservoirs to low porosity.
            The temperature of deep oil-gas reservoirs  differs  widely but they typically vary with the buried depth and geothermal gradient the temperature range of oil reservoirs in deep petroliferous basins has exceeded that of liquid hydrocarbons supposed by traditional kerosene theory (60 – 1200 c, Ro=0.6%-1.35% ).
             Oil gas reservoirs have been discovered in many types of deep petroliferous basins, most have been discovered in low heat flux deep basins. The petroleum reservoirs have been discovered in all types of deep petroliferous basins.
CONCLUSION
     In a nutshell petroleum is determined by presence of hydrocarbons and there are some major steps that have been made in the understanding of deep hydrocarbon such steps are deep petroleum in petroliferous basins has multiple souses and many different genetic mechanisms, high porosity, high permeability reservoirs in deep basins, capillary pressure differences inside and outside the target reservoirs, dynamic boundaries for deep oil gas reservoirs which are buoyancy cornfield threshold, hydrocarbon accumulation limits and upper limit of hydrocarbon generation, the formation and distribution of deep hydrocarbon reservoirs and tight conventional, tight deep, tight superimposed and selected reconstructed hydrocarbon reservoir. 


                             REFERENCES
Ban GP, Cao BF, (2014). Characteristics and Distribution patterns of deep petroleum accumulations in the world. Oil gas Geol.
 Carlson et al, (2008). Physical geology, earth revealed. McGrow Hill New York.
Hunt JM. (1979). Petroleum geochemistry and geology 1st Ed New York.




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