method used to overcome errors associated with magnetic compass survey

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                                             FACULTY OF EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT:                 GEOGRAPHY
COURSE TITLE:                SURVEYING AND MAP SCIENCES
COURSE CODE:                 GE 144
COURSE INSTRUCTOR:  MR. MAHINDA
NATURE OF WORK:         INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT
ATTEMPTED BY:                ELIA DOMNICK
REG.NO:                               STE/BAED/164063
SUBMISSION DATE:         30th MAY, 2019

TASK;
Discuss various method used to overcome errors associated with magnetic compass survey  



Compass surveying
Compass surveying is the branch of surveying in which the position of an object is located using angular measurements determined by a compass and linear measurements using a chain or tape. Compass surveying is used in following circumstances:.
·         If the plot for surveying has numerous obstacles and undulations which prevents chaining.
·         If there is a time limit for surveying, compass surveying is usually adopted.
Error is
Source of errors
·         instrument errors
·         geographic errors
·         reading errors
METHODS WHICH MAY BE EMPLOYED ON AVOIDING ERRORS.
a)      Awareness on mounting of the needle in the field area is major way to avoid errors in the field because the failure on mounting the needle my led to the errors.
b)      Good alignment of the magnetic axis will avoid and sometimes will eliminate errors in surveying process hence will bring most accurate information.
c)      Avoiding   magnetic material in the field because magnetic material may affect the measurement because instruments used is comprise with magnetic instruments.
d)     Geophysical errors
e)      Awareness if a compass is used to determine true directions, the declination at the time and place of observation must be known. In general, this is not known, but the main field can be considered to be known from an isogonic map.
f)       Awareness difference between the main field and the actual field constitutes what may be called the "geophysical error" in compass reading. For all but the most accurate compass readings the effect of the external fields nearly always negligible. Intense magnetic storms are very rare.





Conclusion

Compass surveying advantages such as they are portable and light weight they have fewer settings to fix it on a station the error in direction produced in a single survey line does not affect other lines. it is suitable to retrace old surveys and disadvantages  such as  it is less precise compared to other advanced methods of surveying and it is easily subjected to various errors such as errors adjoining to magnetic meridian, local attraction etc.












REFERENCES
Lewis, M. J. T. (23 April 2001). Surveying Instruments of Greece and Rome. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521792974. Retrieved 30 August 2012.





































































































































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