Social Movement

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INTRODUCTION
          Social Movement refers to the group of diffusely organized or organization striving towards a common goals relating to human society or social changes, the organized activities of such group. In societies a larger number of changes have been brought about by efforts exerted by people individually and collectively, such efforts have been called social movements (Tilly, 1984).
According to (Tilly, 1984) argue that social movement formed at a specific point in our history. They began somewhere around the mid 1800s, signaling the change in the way that people participate in political in a place. Social movement seeks to launch challenges against the people in our society who hold power. Social movement is the effort by an association to bring about the changes in the society.
In social movement there are different types including migration movement this take place here a large number of people leave one country and settle at some other place. The reason for mass migration may be discontent with presence circumstances or allurement of bright future, expressive movement, utopian movement, reform movement revolution movement and resistance movement. Although it is very difficult to give a classification of social movement because movement is of a mixed nature or different nature or of different type at different stage of its career. (Tilly, 1984).
            Revolution movement is the specific type of social movement dedicated to carrying out a revolution Tally defines it as a social movement advancing exclusive competing clams to control of the state. Example of revolution movement American Revolution movement of the 18th century or Mexico revolution of early 20th century, Bolshevik in Russia of October 1917,Chinese revolution of 1949, French revolution of 1789,majimaji rebellion of 1905-1907,English revolution of 1642-1653, (Defronzo, 2011).
Revolution usually associated with socio- political changes in the social political institution example when a state or a political regime overthrows and where by transformed by a popular movement in an irregular violent. The revolution movement can be caused by the different factors such as mass discontent leading to popular uprising, strong unifying motivation across major part of the society, external support and other (Tilly, 1984)
The fcollowing are the differences between social movements and revolution
      Nature of organizational framework, the social movement require minimum organization framework by people to achieve their or at least to maintain the temple of movement. This means that social movements may include or involve loosely linked networks of individual groups and agencies which jointly pursue social and political change by increasing awareness among public. Examples Green movement did not involves high organization peoples. While revolutionary movement requires high organization for people to organize together efficiently and effectively to achieve their success. Example Chinese revolution of 1949 under the leadership of Mao Tse Tsung involved entire Chinese societies to overthrow the Chiang Kai-shek’s regime.
            Aim, the aim of social movements oriented to what bringing about social changes. These changes could be either partial or total though the movements aimed at bringing about changes in the values, norms and ideologies of the existing system. Example Civil rights movement in United State aimed to remove racial discrimination to black people. While revolutionary movement aimed at bringing total changes of the current system both socially, politically, economically and culturally. For instance Russian revolution of October 1917 targeted to changes in Russian both socially and politically. In term of social changes was to bring equality among the people and in terms of political was to overthrow to existing political system and establish new political system which was soviet rule.
             The method and techniques used   in the movement, the social movement adopt its own techniques to achieves its goals. People who seek changes under social movement may follow and use ether peacefully means or conflicting-violent to achieve or reach their goals. For instances civil right movement used peace full means through demonstration. While in revolution movement there is a use of armed struggle or conflicting violent means by revolution lists to reach the goals. This means that there are bloodshed   in the revolutionary   movement because of involving arms or weapons darling fighting process .For examples in French revolution the fighters applied conflicting-violent means against the government of absolute monarchy.    
           Social movement and revolution movement have different in time to occur, this means that social movement may be continuers for a long period because it caused by demands of the society that needs from the long period or slowly, but revolutionary movement occurs imediatory to change the system of the movement or system of life in the country can be politically or economically and other aspects can be the impact from the social movement. The social movement the changes may take a long time to archive the demands of the society. While   revolutionary   movement it happen for sudden action overthrowing the existing system of ruling, and people achieve the needs in the community for the short time. Revolution movement can occur quickly or slowly.
              Social movement it may be occur peacefully or violet while revolution movement normally it occur violeticaly and harshly .This means that   the revolution it comprised the use arm in other time in order to get the quickly changes in their   national or state system of government is burning the majorities needs, but different to the social movement can use the peaceful as the method of getting the right and changes.
Ideology behind the movement, a an important component of social movements that distinguishes it from the general category of collective mobilization is the presence of an ideology example Back to African Movement that organized by Marcus Garvey was have ideology of return all black people to their home land. While in revolution movement there is no necessary for organize to have ideology.
CONCLUSION.
Generally the social movement and revolution movements aims to make changes in the movement or societies aspect, this can be social, political, economically and cultural changes. As the revolution of Zanzibar, American Revolution, French revolution, and others from different part of the world those aimed to bring changes to the people.
              


REFERENCES.
Defronzo, J (11 January 2011). Revolutions and Revolutionary movements. West View.
Eyerman, R and Jamison, A. (1990) social movements, A Cognitive Approach. Cambridge polity Press.
Tilly, C (1984) . European Revolution. 1492-1992. Black well P.10.
Touraine A. (1981). The Voice and the Eye. An analysis of social movements. Cambridge University press.


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