Task: Clearly describe the past tense 1) Who are Exceptional Children? 2) Mental exceptionalities; mental retarded child, talented and gifted child. 3) Learning disabilities: a child with Communication Disorder and a child with Behavioral Disorders. 4) Sensory impairments: a child with Hearing Impairments, and a child with Visual Impairments. 5) A child with

Task: Clearly describe the past tense

1)      Who are Exceptional Children?

2)      Mental exceptionalities; mental retarded child, talented and gifted child.

3)      Learning disabilities: a child with Communication Disorder and a child with Behavioral Disorders.

4)      Sensory impairments: a child with Hearing Impairments, and a child with Visual Impairments.

5)      A child with Physical Motor Imperilment.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                   1) EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

Exceptional children is  an include   that refer children  with  learning  and  or  behavior problem                                                     children  with physical  disabilities  or  sensory impairments and children  who are intellect usual  gifted or have  a special  talents.

The term   exceptions children include children included who experience difficulties in learning as well as those children whose performance is no superior that modification to help them fulfill their potential.

CHARACTERISTICS OF EXCEPTIONALITY

·         Mental retardation.

·         Learning disabilities.

·         Emotional and behavioral disorders.

·         Giftedness and special talents.

·         Hearing impairments.

·         Traumatic brain injury.

2. Mental exceptionalities refer to the disabilities or abilities of learning to children which divide into three categories, that are mental restarted children, gifted talented children.

  Mental refer children is a condition  in which people  have  below  average  intelligence  that limit their to  function  normal .the  condition  which is present from  birth  or range  mild  to profound 

 TYPES OF MENTAL RETARDED

·         Mild mental retarded

The following criteria must be met in order to diagnose an individual with mild intellectual disabilities 

a)      Has an IQ between 50-70

b)      Does not have any unusual physical signs.

c)      Knowledge of reading, writing and math skill are limited to grade 3-6.

d)     Is capable of social interactions is communities and conforms socially.

e)      Is capable of  functioning  in society

·         Moderate mental retarded

 The following criteria must be met in order to diagnose an individual with moderate intellectual disabilities

a)      Has an 1Q between 35 -49

b)      Could  have  unusual  physical  sign

c)      Is capable  of learning basic  health ,self –care and safety skill

d)     Is capable of travelling unaccompanied to familiar place,

Several mental retarded-children

 The following criteria must be met in order to diagnose an individual with sever intellectual disabilities 

a)      Hass an 1Q between  20-34

b)      Is  noticeably  motor impaired

c)      Is  capable  of being taught daily and  repetitive activities

d)     May be taught to carry out simple self –care activities 

Profound mental retarded-child

The following criteria must be met in order to diagnose an individual with profound intellectual disabilities 

a)Has an 1Q lesser than 20

b) Is significantly slower and physical in all aspect?

c) May respond positively to physical and social activities if made to practice on a regular basis.

 The cause of mental retarded-child 

         I.            Metabolism or neuronal lipid storage disease carbohydrate disarmers’ amino acid disorder

      II.            Gestational disorder such as prematurity, low birth weight post maturity 

   III.            Environmental influence causing psychological disadvantage and sensory deprivation provided that there is no evidence 

   IV.            Physical agent such as a prenatal injury, mechanical injury at birth, prenatal anoxia, past natal injury

      V.             Infections and intoxication such as material rubella’s syphilis, viral injection, drug in take during pregnancy material disorders lead poisoning.

CHARACTERISTICS OF MENTAL RETARDATION

1. COGNITIVE FUNCTION  

Deficits  in cognitive functioning  and learning  style  characteristics  off individuals  with  mental  retardation  include  poor  memory ,slow learning rates, attention  problems difficulty ,generalizing what they have learning and lack of motivation.

Ø  MEMORY

Students with mental retardation have difficulty remembering information .As would be expected the severe the cognitive impairment the greater deficits in memory in particularly research has found that students with mental retardation have trouble retaining information in start term memory (Bray, Fletcher and Turner 1997)

Ø  ATTENTION

 The  ability the  attend  to critical feature  of  task  for example to the online of geometric  shapes instead  of dimension  such as  their position  on the  page  is as  characteristic  of the  learners. Student  with  mental  retardation  often  have  trouble  attending  to relevant  feature of  learning  task  and  instead  may  focus  on  distracting stimulate.

Ø  MOTIVATION  Some students with mental  retardation exhibit an apparent  lack  of interest in learning  or problem  solving  tasks (switzky1997) some individuals with  mental retardation  develop  learned helplessness a condition  in which a person  who  has experienced  repeated  failure  come to  expect failure regardless of  his or her  effort in an attempt to minimize or offset failure the person may set  extremely  low  expectation  for himself and  not appear to try very hard.

2. ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOUR 

 By definition  children  with retardation  have  substantial deficits  in adaptive  behavior ,These  limitations  can  take  many  forms  and tend to occur a cross to contains of functioning in self-care skills and socially relationship as well as behavioral excesses are woman  characteristics of individual   mental excesses  are common  characteristics  of individual with mental retardation focus on limitations and  deficits and  point  a picture  of  a monolithic  group  of people  whose  most important characteristic  resolves  around  the  absence  of desirable  traits. 

Ø  Break  learning tasks into small  step, each learning  task is  introduced  on step  at time These  avoid  overwhelming  the  student  .Once the  students  mastered on steps  the  next  step in  introduced.

Ø  To modify  teaching  approach  the  length verbal  direction  and  abstract lectures are in  effective  teaching  methods  of most audience  most of people  are kinesthetic  learners .This  means  they learn best performing a task “hand on”. This is contrast to the thinking about performing   in the abstract.

Ø  People with ID do best in learning environments where visual aids are used .This might include charts, pictures and graphs. This  visual tool are also useful for helping students to understand what behavior  expected of them for instance using charts to map students progress is very effective.

Ø  To provide direct and immediate feedback i.e.  individual  with ,ID  require immediate  feedback .This enables them  to  make  a connection  between  their behavior  and  the   teachers  response .A delay in  proving feedback  makes it  difficult  to form  connection  between  cause  and  effect. As a result  the  learning point may be  missed 

3. TALENTED AND GIFTED CHILDREN

Are these  who have high level of  innate ability in any domain  of human  ability  that places them  with the  top  10 percent of their  age- peers-even .If their  high potential  is not  yet being   demon  started  at high performance .Talented  children  by contract are those  whose  abilities  have  already  been  translated  children  by contract  are those  whose  abilities  have  already been  translated into  achievement  and  who are currently  performing  at  level  that place  them  within  in the  10 percent  of their  age  peer .Gifts  are natural  abilities  where  are  talents  are systematically  developed  skills. 

          Gifted  children by nature are highly  inquisitive  beings who  normal  should  become  high  inquisitive being who normal  should  become  high  achieves  as a result  of their curiosity.  Experimentation discoveries assimilation organization ship and memory. Gifted  children  are  made  into under achieves  as a result  of  specific handicaps  adult  meager  curriculum in  appropriate  teaching ,Strategies   that  are incompatible  teaching  with their  learning  styles  child  in need  of learning  on how  to handle  social-emotional  conflict  to gain  control  and  to set  realistic  self-expectation

        Talented having  natural attitude or skill for something according  to (Lellin  and Birtch 1981) Gifted and talented are terms applied to persons  who  many  posses one  leveral  or  all attributes  listed consequently  talented  person  should  be viewed  in  the light of their  particular 

 Cause of Talented   and Gifted child

 This  cause  of  giftedness and  talentedness children are  unknown  but  can be  categorized  into nature or both according to brain child .Experts largely agree  that both genetics  and  environment  may  play  a role   giftedness and  the cause  and  manifestation  can  vary  from  one child to   another.

 Characteristic of Talented and Gifted 

 Can  be both  positive   and  negative  since  is  study of the  development  consequence  as  result  of giftedness  or talentedness  we  will  examine  three areas; 

a)      Learning characteristics 

b)      Physical characteristics 

c)      Psychosocial  relation  as they  pertain  to interaction  with  parent peer  and teacher

Learning characteristics

·         Gifted and talented child manifest the following characteristics 

·         Learners quickly and easily when interested 

·         Demonstrates power to learn retain and  apply

·         Show an  intense  desire  to know  to know and understand  can be  noticeably  creative  and inventive,  evidence  greater sensitivity  and awareness regarding self  and others

Physical characteristics

 Term  a well  known  authority  in intelligence  testing  used  to follow  his  subject  with  this  associated  for  many  years .He  explained  that gifted and talented individual  exhibit the following  physical characteristics; 

·         They have superior body and mind

·         Have  enables  them  cope  with  strain  and  stresses  and  to  correct  undesirable  emotional  conditions  a personality tends 

 Psychosocial characteristics 

 Gifted and talented children experience problem in their relationship with their parents, peers and teachers. 

 In relationship to parent 

 Parent  may  fail  to understand  their  children is  abilities  since  some  of these  children develop intellectuality early in life  due  to their  inquisitiveness curiosity and demands  therefore  parents  may  fail  threatened. 

 The  gifted children may also require a lot of money  for  special  material  they  needs  in order  to learn  faster  for field  trips. 

 In relation to their peers

 Since  the  gifted  are head  of their peer intellectually  they  might  be thinking on different  wave  length  for  them overcome  miss understanding from  their fellow  students  they  may choose  to  maintain  low  non  threaten  or  even  perform  like  mediocre student  in school  in  order.

2) Learning disabilities 

Refer to any  of various  condition  that  interfere  with an individual  ability  to learn  and  so result  so result  in  impaired  functioning in language ,reasoning or academic  skills like  reading,  writing  and mathematics  hence  difficulties  is  processing  and  integrating  information. Students  has  significant  difficulties in one  or more  specific  cognitive  process for instance the student may have difficulties in perception language ,memory or mat cognition  (according to us Department  of Education  1996)

 CHARACTIRIES OF LEARNING DISABILITIES 

Ø  Disabilities  in ability  to sustain  attention  when  confronted  with  competing  stimuli

Ø  In effective  learning  and  memory  strategies  and  resulting  difficulties  in  remembering  information

Ø  Poor  self –concept  and  low  motivation  regarding academic  tasks  (especially  when  they  receive  no remedial assistance  in the  area  of  difficultly)

Ø  Poor  motor  skill

Ø  Poor  social  skill

  METHODS USED TO INDENTIFY THEM IF ANY /SYMPOTOMS

Ø  Easily  engaged,  annoyed  or  irritated 

Ø  Frequent  temper  rums 

Ø  Argues  frequently  with adults ,particularly  the most  familiar  adult  In their  lives  i.e  parent  and  relatives 

Ø  Refuse  to obey  rules

Ø  Seem  to deliberately  try to  annoy or aggravate  other

Ø  Seem to blame other for any misfortunes or misdeeds.

CAUSES OF LEARNING DISABILITIES 

Cause  of learning  disabilities  include  different  factors  which  are  education  environmental ,psychological  and  physiological  factors .According to (Wallace R.  kaufman 1975. Reid Risk 1981) causes as follow;

Ø  Educational factor 

 Are attribute to in  adequate and  appropriate teaching  methods where teachers  lack  the necessary skill  and  foundation to teach subject .Also  narrow  content of  curriculum  which  does  not teaching  how  to  analysis,  criticize or even how to  speak  interact with other and use their bodies in  different situation 

Ø  Psychological factors

 These factors  manifest themselves in the basic functions of perceiving recalling  and concept of living when these basic functions are affected  the child  had  problems  in  perceiving  number letter example  are written  recall or  conceptualized. 

Ø  Environmental factor 

This  is a factor  associated with nutrition  health and  safely  sensory  stimulation ,language  ,stimulation  and  emotional  also  social  development.

 TYPES GROUP OF LEARNING DISABILITY CHILDREN

·         Dyslexia difficulty with reading such as problem reading writing, spelling and speaking

·         Dyscalculia,difficuly  with math problems ,understanding   time  using ideas 

·         Dyspraxia ,(sensory  integration disorder) such  as difficulty  with  fine  motor skills problems  with hand  -eye  coordination ,balance ,manual dexterity 

·         Dyspraxia / Aphasia, difficulty with language such as problems understanding spoken language, poor reading comprehension.

·         Visual processing disorder /difficultly interpreting visual information such as problems with reading math, maps, charts and symbolic picture

 HOW CAN BE HUNDRED STUDENTS WITH LEARNING DISABILITIES

Ø  Minimize  potentially  distracting  stimuli  because  many  students  with learning  disabilities  easily  distracted, we  should  minimize  the  presence  of other  stimuli  likely  to  complete  for  their   attention  for example  we  might  sure that  the  classroom  is  fairly  quit  during seat on time or we  might pull  down window  shades when  students  in other  classes  are playing in the school.

Ø  Present  the same  idea  in several different  ways use  multiple  modalities  to present  information, some students with learning disabilities  have  difficult learning information through particular modality for example through seeing or listening we therefore need to be flexible in the modalities we use to communicate information to those students .In different situations we might want to use visual ,auditory tactics (truth)or even kinesthetic approach (J.wood,1989).example when teaching students how to read and spell particular  word. We might write the word for the student (visual input)say its letters aloud (auditory input )have the student feel the word spelled with letters cut out of sound paper (tactical input)have the student trace or write the word (Kinest Geize S.w and Rosbe 1985). 

Ø  Look at errors clues about processing difficulties analyze students errors for clues about their processing difficulties like anyone else, students with learning disabilities are likely to make errors in responding, to question problems and other academic tasks, rather than thinking of certain responses simplify as being wrong we can cook closely at errors for clues about specific difficulties students are having learners 1985.

Ø  Teaching learning and memory strategies, provide specific strategies for helping their learn in forget each them how to take notes and then periodically monitor their notes for accuracy and completeness (J.w word) provide study aids.

            Communication disorders are the impairment that affects an individual’s ability to communicate deaf studies includes the scientific study of the deaf people their culture and the sign language.

           Hearing aids are the medical device which is designed to amplify the sound for an individual.

             CAUSES OF COMMUNICATION DISORDER

Ø  Prenatal ,communication disorders may occur before the child is born this can be mother since she used to take various medicine which hereditary can also be the causative agent of communication disorders since mother and father has some sort of problem concern communication disorder also may occur to the children.

Ø  Disease, some disease such as gonorrhea during pregnancy can cause the child to have the problem in effective communication due to the affection from his mother during conception.

Ø  Post natal, cause’s communication disorder, this may occur any time after birth .It can be caused by accidents environmental noises.

Ø  Other causes of communication disorders include hearing the loss brain injury, drug abuse, neurological disorder, cerebral palsy, autism, stroke, developmental disorders.

CHARACTERISTICS OF LANGUAGE DISORDERS

Ø  Omission, this involves deflection of certain speech sound. For example the child says “at” instead of “cat” or “do” instead of “dog”.

Ø  Substitutions, this involves replacing in speech sound with another. Example the child “tat” instead of  “cat” or  “gog” instead of  “dog”

Hull (1963) state that children tend to substitute the following for k, for v,f , forth w for r   METHODS USED TO IDENTIFY THEM

Ø  Does not smile or interact with others (both and older )

Ø  Does not babble (4-7month).

Ø  Makes only few sounds or gestures like pointing (7-12month)

Ø  Does not understand what others say (7months-2years)

Ø  Say only a few words(12-18month)

Ø  Words are not easily understood (12month-2years)

Ø  Does not put words together to make sentence (1.5-3years)

Ø  Has trouble playing and talking with other children (2-3years )

Ø  Has trouble with early reading and writing skills (2.5-3years)

         Behavior disorder as defined by idea, emotional disturbance includes schizophrenia but does not apply to children who are socially maladjusted; unless it determined that they have an emotion disturbance.

      Also, behavior disabilities are identified in children whose behavior prevents them for functioning successful in educational setting either putting either themselves or their peers in danger and preventing them from participating fully in the general education program.

TYPES OF BEHAVIORAL DISODERS 

These are categorized into two groups;

        i.            Externalizing behaviors/conduct disorder has a direct or indirect effect on other people. Example are aggression defiance disobedience, lying, stealing and self-control, irresponsibility, jealousy, anger there are often displayed by the child who assaults others.

      ii.            Internalizing behaviors /personality disorder, primarily affect the student with the problem. Example are anxiety depression, with drawl from social interaction, eating disorders and suicidal tendencies also crying hyperactivity, chewing finger nails(M.mkerr & Nelson 1989) 

 CAUSES OF BEHAVIOR DISORDERS DISORDER

Ø  Psychological and environmental factors, through the psychological and environment factor include conditions that are psychiatric in nature such as the exclusive, over anxious and socialized delinquent also exposure to violence.

Ø  Family factor, social influence and stress in family functioning such as a divorce and separation in consistent parenting practices family drug , or alcohol abuse, separation, conflict between mother and father hence behavior disorder and mostly are reported.

Ø  Biological factor, the situations and conditions such as chemical imbalances, diet, brain injuries, illness and heredity those are most because behavior disorders (Hallowell 1996 H.C Johnson for Lessen 1993).           

 CHARACTERISTICS OF BEHAVIOUR DISODERS

·         Difficulty establishing and maintaining satisfactory interpersonal relationship is where there is absence of positive satisfying interpersonal with adult and peers

·         Deteriorating academic performance with increasing age, there is absence of knowledge and shall acquisition in academic and social behaviors not attributes to intellectual capacity, hearing and visual status or physical health.

·         Frequent absence from school.

·         Difficulty interacting with other in socially acceptance ways.

·         Observable period of diminished verbal and other motto activity for example mood of depression or unhappiness

·         Frequent complaints of a physical nature such as stomachache soreness in the arm and general fatigue

EDUCATIONAL NEEDS AND HOW THE TEACHER SHOULD HANDLE THEM IN CLASSROOM  

Ø  Show an interest in students, wellbeing many students with emotional and behavior disorder have few positive and productive relationship with individuals outside by showing them that we are about their welfare(Diamond 1991)

Ø  Take students interest into account make classroom relevant to student’s interest. Students with emotional or behavior disorders are more likely to get involved in their school work when teachers take their personal interest into account.

Ø  Providing sufficient physical guidance, demonstration and other properties for desire behavioral and knowing how to gradually remove these prompts as the pupil beings to respond properly without them.

3) SENSORY IMPAIRMENT

Sensory impairment is a situation when one of your sense, sight, hearing, smell, touch, test and special awareness is no longer normal. Example

·         If you have a sight impairment

·         If you find it hard to hear or have hearing acid then you have hearing impairment

Causes of sensory impairment

        i.            Injuries  to the eyes and ears

      ii.            Inherited conditions of blindness, deafness, dumbness etc.

    iii.            Diabetic retinopathy.

    iv.            Diseases like glaucoma ,gonorrhea ,cancer that directly affect the sensory organs

      v.            Accident, fire accidents, chemical accident, physical accident.

Child with hearing impairment / loss

Child with hearing impairments or loss is when child’s ears can’t be able to hear sounds coming from some direction or he or she   hear certain frequencies or sound.

  TYPES OF HEARING IMPAIRMENT/ LOSS

        i.            Conducive hearing impairments, is when sound from outside  car have trouble getting to  or going through different parts inside the ear ,this because by middle ear infections and is usually temporary

      ii.            Sensor neural and hearing impairment, this is when the nerves that are in charge of receiving sound and sorting out to do not work properly. Sensoria neural hearing impairments can be mild moderate , serve or overtime  

CAUSES OF HEARING IMPAIRMENTS

        i.            Omits media , this is when middle ear infections  happens in young children, because of the tubes that connect middle ear and to the nose called  eustraction tubes have infected/get infection

      ii.            Problem at birth, some children are born with hearing impairments, most of them they are tied to child’s genes it happen also during the pregnancy or from parental care. Thus is when a pregnancy woman has medical condition like diabetes or preeclampsia, a baby born prematurely at high risk too.

    iii.            Illness or injury, young children can lose their hearing after they get some illness including meningitis encephalitis , mea seal ,chickenpox and the flue, had injury, very had noises and some medications can also cause hearing loss impairment

CHARACTERISTICS/WAYS USED TO IDENTIFY CHILD WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENTS

·         No reaction to loud /noises

·         No response to your voice

·         Not understand direction

·         Have little energy

·         Stop paying attention

·         Have a fever

·         Have ear pain

·         Education needed is special education where a teacher can lose the symbols , signs , practical’s and a drawing to  help them to understand

·         Mixed them with others who are good so as to make them feel comfortable and share their ideas so as to perform I done well on their academic

 CHILD WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT

These are the children who have disabilities to see or visual disability visual with normal daily activities such as driving, reading and working.

  CHARACTERISTIC OF CHALD WITH VISUAL IMPAIREMENTS

Ø  Decrease of child ability to sea.

Ø  Child experiencing difficulties with amputation to various objects.

Ø  Education performance of child to some orients may be delayed.

Ø  Child always experiencing difficulties in writing and reacting skills.

 CAUSES OF CHILD VISUAL IMPAIRMENT

Ø  Some of eye diseases example glaucoma un treated leading to damage of the optic disc of the eye which resulted to  visual field loss

Ø   Cataract this is the clouding of the lens in the eye leading to decrease in vision

Ø  Lack of vitamin A

HOW TEACHER CAN HANDLE CHILD WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT

        i.            To give them more priority to answer and to provide their views about everything going on in the class

      ii.            Teacher should use and visual presentations to read what is being written on the board and describe what is pictured in the presentation.

    iii.            Encourage them to come in front of the classroom in order to hear instruction correctly.

    iv.            Expect the visually impaired child to complete the same assignment as the rest of the class.

      v.            Treaty the visually impaired student equally with other students include in displinary, insolvent in extracurricular such as sport and games also leadership opportunities.

 EDUCATION NEED OF CHILD WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT

Ø  Needs assistive technology such as voice activated computer.

Ø  Need seating accommodation to help them to see teacher boards.

Ø  Need some one  assist in taking notes

4) PHYSICAL MOTOR IMPAIRMENT

        Is the partial or totally loss of function of body part, usually a limb this may result in muscles weakness poor stamina, lack of muscles controllers total parlay mental problem.

        An entrance from of motor impairments locks in syndrome, in which voluntary control almost all muscles is lost ,sometimes including eyes in individual who function, the syndromes caused damage to portions of the lower brain and brainstem from a strike or other insult . CAUSES OF THE MOTOR IMPAIRMENT  

Injury, a person can get motor impairments through injury since it can breakage of some part of the body like limbs that may result to muscles weakness poor stamina and sometimes result to mental problem example of injury can be car and motorcycle accident.

Ø  Illness, diseases can cause motor impairment example since if can cause to disconnection of sensor organ with brain in such a way that can results to loss of function some parts of the body due to the fucking down that can result to breakage of either leg or made.

Ø  Drug abuse, refers to the misuse of drugs that can endanger the life of an individual and can cause physical impairment of the body like blockage the limbs. Examples of that drug are cocaine, caffeine and marijuana. Not only that effect but also can cause mental problems like loss of memory, poor thinking unless can be stimulates during the use of these drugs.

Ø  Problems during delivery, a child during delivery can lack only oxygen for supply the blood something that can cause loss of life or impaired system of the body structure particularly to brain (mental) problem hence motor impairment.

Ø  Generator factor , a person or child can suffer from motor impairment by hereditary factor through genes that sometimes parents of one child can be mentally poor unfit from, therefore this stake can be inherited by a child.

Ø  Abnormal brain growth, child can get this problem during his/her development from the mother’s womb to conception and life after birth caused by different factors like alcoholism to pregnant mother and lack of balanced daily (malnutrition effect ).

 CHARACTERISTICS OF PHYSICAL MOTOR IMPAIRMENT

           i.            Adaptive equipment this equipment used to disabled person who has no ability to work properly due to the limbs problem. Example walking skills so this may use to determine a person with motor impairment.

         ii.              Limited movements, a person with motor impairment has no ability to work like he/she cannot move along distance and on his or her movement a person may show a certain signs of weakness of his /her body system.

       iii.            Shortened endurance, extra midsized needs

TYPES /GROUP MOTOR IMPAIRMENT

        i.            Epilepsy is a neurological condition where a person has a tendency to have rachises seizure due to sudden bust of poetized activity in the brown that may cause loss of consciousness and sensation.

      ii.            Acquired brain injury, are due to damage that occurs to the brain after birth due to alcohol drug infection diseases they slower processing information planning and solving.

    iii.            Spinal bifida is the complete information of the spine and cord in utero. It can cause the spinal cord nerves to the imposed on the surface of the back, paralysis, weakness of in legs too much fluid in the brain cavities with learning difficulties.

    iv.            Spinal cord injury , the special cord can become injured too much pressure is applied /if the blood oxygen supply to the spinal cord is cut lead to the loss of function such as mobility or feeling affecting ability through paralysis.

      v.            Cerebral palsy ,means weakness or lack of muscles control they are associated with movement ,muscles tone and pasture it is due to injury to the developing brain before or during birth caused by reduced blood supply and lack of oxygen.Illiness during pregnancy illness such as meningitis , people with people with cerebral palsy may experience epilepsy and may have difficulty with awareness and comprehension

    vi.            Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited genetic condition which affects the body respiratory, digestive and reproductive system, it specifically affect the muscles and sweat glands in the body, causing mucus to be thick and slinky. In the case of the lungs this can clog the air passages and recruitment injections, symptoms and disabilities poor growth liner damage and diarrhea.

HOW TEACHER CAN HANDLE CHILDREN WITH PHYSICAL MOTOR IMPAIRMENT

                i.            Set up the classroom, you should arrange the room  that they play one move around easily even if a student’s  does not use wheel chair or other medical equipment, he may need extra room to get around in a class around to avoid failing .

              ii.            Teaching strategic, be flexible, accept suggestions since most school or districts employ inclusion specialist , they can provide you with specific giddiness in the teaching student with physical disability setting badly so that the student can talks notes for the students with disability.    

    

                                                REFERENCES

Kelvin Seifert,at al.(2000).Contemporary Education  Psychology. Wiki Books

Heward,W.(2006).Exceptional Children :An Introduction to Special

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Dr.Michael,M.(1990)Educational Psychology: University of Nairobi

David,R(1989)Developmental Psychology and Adolescence p.g368Disabilities Allyn

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