Labeling

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                Labeling is a term associated with placing a student into special education and assigning eligibility categories. Hardman et al (1999) define labeling as a process by which society come up with descriptors toidentify people who vary significantly from the norm. They give examples of labels used by profession as disorder, disability, and handicap among others. There at least two elements in definition by Hardman et al (1999) that are worth noting. First it is the role of the society in coming up with names that denote certain behaviors within the society, so labeling is societal construction. Secondly the definition brings in the importance of norms and the role they play in assessing behaviors. Ask. Com defines labeling as attachments of assumed qualities to particular people that are used to describe them.
         Labeling is done under labeling theory. Labeling underpins the role of the society in defining behaviors as such behavior become deviant when those are conforming to the norm attaches labels.
            Labeling theory is the theory in sociology which ascribes labeling of people to control and identification of deviant behaviors. The followings are the advantages of labeling:
          Extra learning support, by labeling a child or children, they will receive extra services that they may not have been able to receive otherwise. For example a child will be able to receive instructions in a learning support room at a pace that works for them. They can receive frequent repetition and instructions in a much smaller setting with other students just like them.
            Individualized education plan (IEP), labeling a student verify that every group need unique strategies in understanding, teachers can use these information to ensure that every student have fulfilled his or her demand. Labeling a student with a specific disability has led to the development of specialized teaching methods, assessment approach, and behavioral interventions that are useful for teachers of all students. (Hallahan andKaufman 1982).
              Targeted instructions, learning disabled these students are able to get help in order to remediate their specific problems. Receiving instructions based on what student need is crucial in helping them excel and be successful in the future. It is helpful because there will be distinction between disabilities and their needs. (HewardW 2014).
         It can also create more tolerance for children with the disability, where as without the label child may be criticized. It allows professionals to communicate with one another based on the category of learning characteristics. (Hallahan1982).
Apart from advantage below are the disadvantages of labeling:
        Low self-esteem for students. Student labeled may develop the sense of fear, and regarding themselves as non smart as a result of Failer inmarking socialization and creating friendship with normal people or students. It will make them feel like they are of low quality to normal people.
         Peer issues, fellow students can be mean and make fun of the students with special needs because they are different. This may led to the students having difficulty in making friendship and make them vulnerable to bullying or other mistreatment. It is important that teachers and parents should help these students to build heathly relationship with others and to recognize their strength.
     Therefore, for labeling to be successful it depends on the presence of teachers with fully participation of parents and a society in general.










2) Inclusion in education refers to a model where in special needs students spend most or all of their time with normal people or non special needs. It arises in the context of special education with an individualized education program and is built on the notion that is more effective for students with special needs to have said mixed experience for them to be more successful in social interactions leading to further success in life. The followings are the reasons toward inclusion:
             Mold the values of the next generation of children, students sees the person first and last the disability also the students learn empathy and to value diversity.
          Provide opportunities for friendship, the development of friendship require close proximity and a common experience. Keeping children together encourage both objectives also student develop a comfortable way to interact with students with special needs, also children with disabilities attend the class like other normal children as their neighborhood friends.
              Prepare individuals for adult life in the community: today’s classmates are tomorrow’s employers also community life is not divided into typical community and specialed community.
Maintain a typical family structure to life: Siblings can be educated together at the same school; parents are not stretched between two or more settings.
           Cultivates an enriching learning environment: Diversified teaching strategies and the common use of modification and adaptation benefit all students, children with disabilities learn from typically developing peers who can act as role models making them more likely to develop appropriate social and communication skills.
            Generally inclusion is a crucial thing to make disabled people feel comfortable as other human being in the society both in educational and non educational matters as it will ensure them with fully participation in decision making and socialization with other people. Teachers and parents should encourage inclusion in all levels of education.

 References.
Hardman M, Drew C, and Egan M (1999)Human exceptionality society, school and family  London
Heward W. L (2014)Who are exceptional children? Person  Allyn Bacon Prentice
Mangal S. K(2012)educating Exceptional children :An introduction to special education Delh PHI learning  Ltd
Www.Ask.comRetrieved4may2014





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