STEPS IN PRE-WRITING

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INTRODUCTION
Report is a piece of writing based on material from sources outside your personal knowledge and experience. First you seek and gather specific information on a subject. Then you examine and organize all the separate bits of information. Finally, you transform them into a unified, coherent piece of writing.(Little, J.1977:249).
  Often a report is written for someone in a senor position by someone in a more junior position. The letter will be given time to explore the subject adequately. Knowing the reader and or her likely responses and requirements makes a task of writing in appropriate report all the easier (P. Brian & R. Albert, 2014:196).
A STANDERD REPORT. According to P. Brian & R. Albert (2014:197). The components of a standard report are these in the order given:
(a).Title: This should be short and to the point.
(b).Purpose: A statement of what the report is intended to achieve.
(c).Method: A description of the method the writer has followed whole compiling the report.
(d).Body of the report: The facts and information asked for. The order in which these are set out depends on the content. A chronological order for a series of event; a logical order for an argument; a methodological order for a series of  fact, rather than haphazard order.
(e).Conclusions: This is the most important part of the report, and perhaps the only section that will be read. A this stage, the writer should reread the terms of reference and ensure that the conclusions and recommendations cover all the issues. The report is usually signed and dated.
According to Little, J. (1977:250), in pre- writing stage of you are not assigned a specific topic, the first stage in writing a report is choosing a subject. To find possible subject you will want to consult the source s available to you. In addition school and public libraries have thousands of books on an almost unlimited variety of subjects. As us consider possible subjects, keep in mind that you will have to spend sometime doing research. Therefore it is important the subject that interests you.
STEPS IN PRE-WRITING
 According to Little, J. (1977:250),pre-writing passes through three stages which are:
 i.Choosing the report topic
In this stage the writer has to identify the subject matter that he or she is intended to present. The subjects that require research have to be narrowed by doing so has to consider two things.
      i.The amount of information available on subject.
      ii.The legth of the report.
For example if you are asked to write an eight to ten paragraph report. You are interested to write about whales this is far too broad a subject for through  treatment in such a short report number of more specific topics, among those are the following;
a)      Types of whales
b)      The life of whales
c)      Whaling (earl or modern)
d)     The save the whales movement
e)      The international whaling commission.
When you are narrowing a topic , you may find it helpful to read on the general subject.

2.INDENTIFYING THE PURPOSE
This is the subject of the report like that of any composition may be approached in different ways, by doing so it will help you to clarify the approach and focus the research whether to inform your readers about the topic or to analyse  as well as to compare and contrast two elements within a topic.
            3. GATHERINGTHE INFORMATION
This is the stage by which the writer is ready to go to the library to read some general encyclopedia, articles on the subject. Then readers guide to periodical literature, news paper, index and the card catalog to find newspapers articles, magazines articles, and books concerning to the topic.
The writer may also want to consult other specialized reference books in his or her research.
            Generally  those stages have to be considered in effective report writing in order to generates the good report in academic writing and other writing as in doing research and other works.



  

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