This study focus on an Investigation on the Community Contribution in ward Secondary Education.
DECLARATION
I, JOYCE NKONYOKWA , declare that this research
report is my original work and it is not has been presented and will not be
presented to any other university for any similar or any degree.
Signature ............................
Date..................................
Reg. No BAED 164282
CERTIFICATION
The undersigned certifies that she has read and here
by recommendation for acceptance by Stella Maris Mtwara University College of Tanzania
,a research proposal entitled: An Investigation on the Community in ward
Secondary Education, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for award of
bachelor degree of Arts with Education Stella Maris Mtwara University College
of Tanzania.
.............................
Further Festus
(
Supervisor)
Date......................
DEDICATION
This work is dedicated to my beloved farther Edes A.
Nkonyokwa, my mother Anetha J .Malema my sister Sophia Kaniki and other
relatives who support me in my academic journey with their tireless assistance
in moral material support in the fulfillment of this research report let the
love and grace of Almighty God be with us
A KNOWLEDGE ENT
My great special thanks go to Almighty God who given
me a good health and power in the whole process of studying and writing work
Also I would like to give thanks to my beloved
parents Edes S. Nkonyokwa and Anetha J.malema for their effort of encouraging
me to conduct this research work effectively. Not only that but also I would
like to thanks them as they have played a great role in caring me until this
age .my God bless them.
I would like to give my sincere and deepest
appreciation to my supervisor Further Festus who greatly contributed to the
completion of this worthier work and whose excellent technical and professional
guidance during lecture and entire research would always remembered
ABSTRACT
This study focus on an Investigation on the
Community Contribution in ward Secondary Education. The general objective of this
study was to Investigate on the Community Contribution in ward Secondary
Education. The study has three specific objectives which were to identify the
contribution played by community in ward Secondary Education, to examine the
challenges facing community contribution in ward Secondary Education, to
suggest possible strategies that help to enhance the community contribution in
ward Secondary Education. The study was carried out at Mtwara rural Districts.
The study employed mixed approach to collect both qualitative data and
Quantitative data. The data for finds collected from student , parents ,
Teacher, Head of school and Educational officers using questionnaire interview
method and focus group discussion. The findings showed that the Community
Contribution in ward Secondary Education in building of school and classrooms
Building teachers houses for accommodation, School toilets for environment
protection, school administration and management. Finding shows challenges
facing community contribution in ward Secondary Education we're; Poverty,
Illiteracy and ignorance misuse of funds and mistrust to then leaders and poor
performance of the school. The finds suggested possible strategies that help to
enhance the community contribution in ward Secondary Education includes
provision of Education to the communities, Good performance of students,
Decentralization of decision making, Promotion of good leadership and
governance promotions to the communities.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER ONE
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.0 Introduction
This chapter will give the detail explanation on the
following aspect ,back ground of the study statement of a problem, objectives
of the study ,scope and limitation of the study and definition of key terms
1.1 Back ground of
the study
Study on community contribution towards the
development of ward Secondary Education world wide from newly industrialized
countries such as Japan, China, South Corea India and Brazil indicate that ,
Community based Education, in which community provide new generation of young
people with the education necessary for transmitting local Norma and economic
life .
In Africa ,most countries community has something to
do in development of ward Secondary Education, countries such as Ghana, Zambia
and South Africa community seeks ways to help children succeed in school and
later life and focuses on partnership of school, families and communities that
attempt to improve school program and school climate , provide family services
and support, increase parent's skills and leadership
In Mtwara region one among the part of Tanzania country,
various researchers have done research on the community contribution towards
the development in ward Secondary Education, community as whole saw number of problems
in education industry .A part from Investigation some areas of Mtwara non
research have done to determine community contribution in ward Secondary
Education especially in Mtwara rural District, as why this study will be
investigate the community contribution towards the development in ward
Secondary Education.
1.2 Statement of the
problem
The introduction of various initiatives contribution
to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness among the organization, private
sectors and Education stakeholders such as policymakers contribute the
development in ward Secondary Education in Mtwara Rural District, also the
government of Tanzania providing trained teachers , quality curriculum
materials in order to measure the quality of education
1.3.1 General
objective
The general objective of the study is to Investigate
on the Community Contribution in Ward secondary education.
1.3.2 Specific
objectives
i. To identify the contribution played by community in ward Secondary
Education
ii. To examine the challenges facing community
contribution in ward Secondary Education.
iii. To suggest the possible strategies that help to
enhance the community contribution in ward Secondary Education.
1.4 Scope of the
study and limitation of the study.
There so many things contribute towards the
development of ward secondary education such as government contribution, private
sector, head of school ,Unite nation, World Bank. Due to limitation of time and
resources this study will focus only on the Investigation on the Community
Contribution in ward Secondary Education in Mtwara Rural District partof
Tanzania
1.5 Definition of
the key terms
Community, can be defined by characteristics that
the members share such as culture, language tradition, laws, geography, class
and race .As Shaeffer (1992) argues
Contribution, can be interpreted in various ways ,
depending on the context, shaeffer (1994) clarifies different degree or levels
of contribution and provides possible dafinition of term including contribution
in real decision making at every stage.
Education ,is the process of imparting knowledge or
acquiring general knowledge, developing the power of reasoning and judgment and
generally of preparing oneself or others intellectually for mature life(Dayaram
2011).
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAME WORK
2.0 Introduction
2.1 Related
literature review
Community Contribution has received attention in
international and national policy in recent years Mnaranaara(2010) said that, it is considered important as end
in itself ,as well as a means to achievement of
a sustainable development and poverty alleviatian. The interest in the
community contribution has occurred simultaneously with an intensified on
archiving gender equality in education ,and community contribution will be seen
as one of the means to archive this goal.
Cole (2004) suggested that decision can range from
those of avital ,once for all nature to those of a routine and relatively
trivial in nature . He sees management as having three principal decision areas
,stratgics, operanting and administrative. Strategic decision are the basic
long_ term decision which settle the organization relationships with it's
environment. Operating decisions are the short term decision which manager make
in rsesponseto repetitive and routine problems
Ivancevichet et al.(2003). Said administrative decisions arise from and
are subject to the conflicting demands of stratgic and operational problems.
Therefore .they are essentially concerned with settling the organizations
structure ,such as by establishing lines of authority and communication.
2.2 Theory frame work
2.2.1 Communitarian
Theory
This study will be guided by the theory known as
Communitarian theory propounded by Parry et Al (1992) .A theory emphasizes the
one motives, or justification for taking part or participation I. Certain task.
In the view of this theory, at core of democratic theory view that where people
are highly integrated into the local community and where they identify strongly
with it contribution would be greater
This become under such circumstances, people
have a more detailed Understanding of
local needs and problems and recognize that these needs are often shared with
their neighbors. When people perceive their independence with others ,the will
seek to act to sustain their communal relationship. Schools depend on
communities for development as they adapt to their environments while
communities need schools for knowledge and skills acquisition.
2.3 Research gap
Despite the fact that many efforts has been done by
researchers globally, in Africa ,in Tanzania ,in Mtwara region to Investigate
on the Community Contribution in ward Secondary, but nothing pf observable is
seen on the community contribution
towards the development of Ward secondary education in Mtwara Rural
District especially in Msimbati and Madimba ward ,also they have not identified
to what extent community participate towards the development of ward secondary
education therefore the study will go direct and specific to Investigate more
on the Community Contribution in Ward secondary education in Mtwara Rural
District located in southern part of Tanzania so that the problems can be well
solved.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction
This chapter include research approach ,research
design ,area of study, population of study, sammpling procedures ,sources of
data ,data collection, data method and data analysis procedure.
3.1 Research
Approach
The study will use mixed research approach which is
defined as procedures of collecting, analyzing and mixing both quantitative and
qualitative data in single study . Qualitative approach to research is
concerned with subjective assessment of attitude, opinions and behaviour such
an approach the data presented in words
. Quantitative involves the generation of data in form of numbers or numerical,
Kothar(2004:5)
3.2 Research desgn
The study will use a case study design which
employed both Qualitative and quantitative method to make effective collection
of data .this design will be chosen due to it's flexibility in terms of data
collection and analysis .also due to it's depth and breadth of the study
variables.
3.3 Area of study
Kathori (2004) Area of study is the area where the
research is conducted.The study will be conducted at Mtwara Rural District. The
districts bordered to the East by Mtwara Mikindani Municipality, to the west by
Tandahimba District to the North by Lindi Rural District and to the South
Indian Ocean .The reason behind choosing Mtwara Rural District as the study
area is that; No study has been faund
which was conducted in Mtwara Rural District on the community contribution
towards the development of ward secondary education. As the case study of two
selected wards of Madimba and Msimbati.
3.4 The target
population
The intended population in this study will be
parents as the community member teachers and students ,the information will be
selected randomly from 14 to 50 yers old .
3.4 Sammpling techniques
3.4.1 Simple Rondom
Sampling
Simple Random sampling every number of population
have equal chance of being selected for sample McMillan (1996:87).The
researcher will use this technique for sake of getting pupils, parents, head of
school and Educational officers as respondent from Target population
3.4.2 Purposive
Sampling
Purposive Sampling referred to as purposefully or
judgmental Sampling. The Researcher in the study will use teachers , students,
parents, head of the school and Educational officers for intention of
collecting various information from various sources.
3.5 Methods of data
collection
Data collection is a process where by a researcher
collects data from various sources according to the presentation of study plan
Kothari(2004).this study will be employed
3.5.1 Questionnaire
According to Mothers(2007) classified two types of questionnaire such as
closed question and open ended questions .in this method of study will sought
permission to the informants and questionnaire provide to the person concerned
with a request to answer the questions as will return questionnaire Again a
questionnaire will consist number of questions typed in definite order
3.5.2 Interview
Mathers (2007) an interview is a method of data
collection which involves face to face interaction between respondent and Researchers.
it involves structured and unstructured interview. The free time will be used to organize them
for unstructured interviews whereby the study will be interview respondent in
which questions will be priority prepared in accordance to coverage the subject
matter and period time that used.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
4.0 Introduction
This chapter includes presentation of findings ,
analysis and discussion of data obtained from the field based on the community
contribution in ward Secondary Education a case study Mtwara Rural District.
Data collected from students, Teachers, Parents Head of school and Educational
officers. Examine the challenges facing it and the suggest the possible
strategies that help to overcome that challenges.
4.1 The
contributions played by the community to the development in ward Secondary
Education
Building of
classrooms
Formally, building and administration of the school
education was the responsible of the government. The community contribution in
the costs of running those schools. The study found out that , the government
assisting in finishing stage of building process. Through questionnaire about
36.6% of all respondents from the study area agree on that to a great degree
the community involves in building of classrooms. In other societies provide
labour while other contribute money depending on the nature of place based on
their social economical differences. These result concur with Fullan(2007) who
observed that the community builds classrooms .
The respondents argued that they work for themselves as collect sands, stones,
woods and dig the foundation as well assign building process.
Building
of Teacher's Houses for accommodation
In Tanzania accommodation for teachers is one of the
great problems in most of the ward Secondary school. This problem to large
extent affects those school that located far away from town so due to this
affects negatively poor performance of the students in secondary school
Galambwa(2006). About 28.3% of all respondents from the study area on the
community function in building Teachers houses for accommodation. In this study
researcher discovered that there is the needs to have accommodation near the
school area. The ward government and school management at Msimbati and Madimba
secondary school also realized that many teachers allocated to teach to their
schools refuse to work because the school does not have enough accommodation.
So through their meeting they decided to start building houses as the first
stage so as to motivate the new coming Teachers yo live near their place work.
Building
toilets for their protection
The community contribution in building learners and
teachers toilets for environment protection is concerning. About 18.3% of the
respondents all agree that. the community from both Msimbati and Madimba
secondary school contributed in building ot toilets for their environments
protection. Therefore the building of toilets is very important because it
helps to keep the environment safe for students and teachers
Building
school Administration and management
The community contributes in administrative function
of schools. About 16.6% respondents all agreed that the community should be
given chance in school administration and management to provide their
decisions. Fouler (1984) support that community plays a greater contribution in
monitoring and implementation of school development project, the school
committee also contribute on preparation of project budget control and
monitoring the progress of the development activities.
4.2 The challenges
facing community contribution in ward Secondary Education
This was the secondary objective of our study which
aimed at finding out challenges that affect the effective contribution ot
people in their ward secondary education
Poverty
Economic situation make difficult for the people to
contribute in development their school because they do not have money to
contribute. As expressed by Krishnaswan(2002) Poverty is a Maj obstacles to
community in development of the Ward secondary education. About 26.6% of all
respondent agreed that, economic hardship and poverty makes them afraid to
contribute in development of their schools.
Illiteracy
and Ignorance
Some people specifically at Madimba ward still do
not understand the importance of education to their children and therefore the ignore
to contribute for the ward Secondary Education development .The existing
cultural Norma and values like the culture of the silence, the women
contribution are some of such process. Through questionnaire about 31.6% of
respondent agreed on that Illiteracy and Ignorance hindering people of Mtwara
Rural District to contribute for the development of ward secondary education.
Misuse of
funds and mistrust to leaders
This factor negatively affects the sprit of the
community contribution towards the development in ward Secondary Education. As
stated by Shaffer(1988) , people do not trust their leaders when it comes to
their to the expand of the money contributed by community. About 8.3% of the
respondent mentioned this factor as the chally for the community contribution
in development of their schools. Most of the leaders at school the do not
trustfully when it come to the use of money contribution from the community.
4.3 The strategies that help to enhance the
community contribution in ward Secondary Education.
Provision of education to the community
In making community to contribute the government
should help them through providing Education so that they can know the
importance of the community contribution towards development of ward secondary
education, through questionnaire about 25% of the all respondent from the study
area agued on that in order to encourage community contribution in development
of ward secondary education there should be Education provided to them.
Good
performance of the students
The findings show that good performance of the
students is the strategy that influence the community contribution in ward
Secondary Education in both Madimba and Msimbati ward Secondary school because
there is no good enough Teacher,day to day they are trying for their level best
to help their students in learning to that they can perform well in their final
examination. About 16.6% respondent agreed that by saying good performance
influence on the contribution of the development of ward secondary education
Decentralization of decision making
This findings show that Decentralization of decision
making is the strategy that is used in School to influence the community
contribution in ward Secondary Education. Through questionnaire about 20% of
respondent identify the Decentralization of decision making as the one of
strategy that can help the community to contribute in Ward secondary education
by providing the ideas and views on the school program
Promotion
of motivation to communities
The community should be educated and have awareness
on the importance of their contribution the development of their well being. About
13.3% of respondent highlighted the provision of motivation among the community
will encourage the community member to contribute fully in Development of the
ward Secondary Education because there are morally encouraged by the rewards
that are been provided by the leaders so this encourages the contribute their
support to the ward education
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONTRIBUTION
AND RECOMMENDATION
5.0 Summary
A researcher observed differ rules of community
contribution towards the development of ward secondary education at Mtwara
Rural District. The study shoq that people participate and contribute
indifferent activities in school administration and management,in building
infrastructure such as classrooms teachers houses and toilets. Also study reveals some challenges for
effective Community Contribution on the Community Contribution in Ward
secondary education such as Poverty, Illiteracy and Ignorance . Also show the
strategies to overcome challenges like provision of Education to the community,
good performance of the students
5.1 Conclusion
Generally the community contribution in ward
Secondary Education have long journey to travel in delivering quality
Education. The study findings provide a clear picture on the Community Contribution
in Ward secondary education. the researcher show both government and community
have to work equal partners in development of schools
5.2 Recommendation
This aspect consist of researchers suggestions to
different groups based on the alternative to be employed in order to improve
the community contribution towards the development in ward Secondary Education
like the to the Education sketholders ,to the Parents, to the Students ,to the
Government and for further studies
REFERENCES
Cole ,G.A (2004).
Management Theory and Practice Thomson Learning Ltd : London Collage Press ,New York. Collage 1234 Amsterdam
Avenue
Dayaram(2011) .Shool Management committees and the
Right to Education Acts 2009 DC: World Bank Development studies
Fouler F, J .(1984). Survey Research Methods, Sage
Publication USA Foundation AITBS Publishers,
India
Fullan, M (2007)
New Meaning Of Educational Change
4 Edition, New York, Teachers
Galambwa,J (2005) .Returns to Investment in
Education: Startling Relations and Harper Collins Collage Publishers, International Institution of Educational
Planning
Kothar ,C.R.(2004) Research Methodology: Method and
Teachnique(2 Ed)
Krishnaswan, C .R. (1993), Methodology of Research
In Social Science.Indi : Himalay
Shaeffer ,S .(1998). Partiners please and
Contribution in basic education:A serious of training
Mnaranaara, T.L.(2010) . Importance of Community
Contribution in Education in Ongoing Construction of Modules and case study for
educational and managers .Paris , UNESCO ,New Age International Publication
Africa
McMillan, J .H (1996) . Educational Research
Fundamentals for the Consumer (2 Ed) .U.S.A medicine 19 (3) 185_ 192
APPENDIX
I am JOYCE NKONYOKWA, a second year student pursuing
a Bachelor bof Arts with Degree(BAED) at
Stella Maris Mtwara University College (STEMMUCO) .The study attempt to
Investigate on the community contribution in ward Secondary Education
Kindly I request to parcipate in this research .
please fill in the questionnaire a sincerely as you can, according the
instructions given on certain questions
Do not write your name any where on this form and
your answer will remain strictly confidential please give your name by putting
tick(✓)
in the appropriate space or write your answer in the provided space
SECTION A
(I) make( )
(ii) Female ( )
Level of education
(i)
Certificate ( ) ( ii) Diploma
( ) Dagree ( )
SECTIONS B
1.0 What are
the roles played by community Contribution towards the development of ward
secondarya school
i
...................................................................
ii
..................................................................
1.2 What are the factors which hinder community
Contribution towards the development of ward Secondary school
i
..................................................................
nnnnnsmmmm,mii
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