read and summarize any book of guidance and counseling and show it’s strength and weakness

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read and summarize any book of guidance and counseling and show it’s strength and weakness
INTRODUCTION
Gibson& Mitchell (2008:29) defines counseling as a one to one helping relationship that focuses on a person’s growth, adjustment and problem-solving and decision –making needs. It is a client-centered process that demands confidentiality. This process is initiated when a state of psychological contact or relationship is established between the counselor and client. During the process a counselor must respect the client, an empathic understanding of the client’s internal frame of reference, be warmth, humaneness, positive attitude toward human kind and be professional.
Mitchell (2008) defines guidance as process of helping an individual or group of people to understand their potential, helping finding the solution for their problem and live satisfactorily.
Robert  L. Gibson and Mariance H. Mitchel in their book namely Introduction to counseling and guidance divide counseling and guidance into two (2) type.
A.    Individual counseling
B.     Group counseling
Individual counseling Is referred to as a one to one  helping relationship that focuses on a person’s growth, problem solving and decision making needs. It occurs between the professionally trained counselor and his client.
Group counseling is the routine adjustment or development experiences provided in a group setting. Group counseling focuses on assisting counselees to cope with their day- to day adjustment and development concerns. Example might focuses on behavior modification, developing personal relationship skills, concerns of human sexuality, values or attitude or career decision making.
Group guidance refers to group activities that focus on providing information or experience through a planned and organized group activity. Example group guidance activities are orientation groups, career group exploration, class guidance. The content may include educational, vocational, social information with the goal of providing with accurate information that will help them make more appropriate plans and life decisions.

The following are the strengths of guidance and counseling from the book written by Gibson& Mitchell(2008)
Strength of guidance and counseling from the book.
The author insists individual assessment before counseling so as to identify the characteristics and potential of every client. According to Mitchell(2008) , individual assessment is often considered a primary skill of the professional  counselor because it provides a database for more readily understanding the person in the counseling setting, the effective planning of group counseling activities that reflect client’s interest and needs. This activity promotes the client’s self understanding and it also assist counselor and other helping professional to understand client better.
The book emphasize on research concerns counseling. They argued that ,,research is necessary to the advancement of the profession of counseling. It can provide empirically base data relevant to the ultimate goals of implementing effective counseling. Research is the means for producing additional knowledge in counseling and guidance field, it provide factual data to reinforce or guide the counselor’s professional judgments and seeking answers to questions and issues of professional concern.
Also author argued that due to dynamic of society , the guidance and counseling field should update to cope up with that changes by increasing standards for counselor preparation, increasing attention to specialty fields, increase use of technology, increasing focus upon empirical results, updating of the profession’s traditional theory, dramatic increases online counseling and increased multicultural sensitivity and activity.
The book explain and describe well the principles and rules to be considered during counseling and guidance with counselor to solve the counselees problems such as confidentiality, respect to client, empathy, warmth, humaneness, positive attitude toward human kind and be professional.
The book touch the needs of guidance and counseling in all sphere of life such social, political, economical and culture as well as in academic from primary to university level. In academic the  book contribute  counseling and guidance in learning and teaching process and the benefit for both students and teachers
The book also used as reference in research and source of information concerning guidance and counseling in academic
Weakness of the book
The book failed to identify and provide better solution for non-cooperative clients because now day   learners were not willing to disclose their problems and be counseled by the teacher counselors as they did not trust the services providers. The non cooperation of clients may perhaps be due to negative attitudes towards guidance and counseling. At secondary school head teachers and students generally had a negative attitude towards guidance and counseling. Such an attitude does not auger well for provision of quality guidance and counseling services in secondary schools. In this book the author failed to describe how this challenge should be solved.
The book states the traditional theory than based on theoretical and not practical applicable which become very difficult to be applied in real life especial in globalization world. Therefore those theories remain written without being applicable.
The book failed to show how counselors will conduct counseling and guidance through online platform. Today everything is changed due to development of science and technology. Therefore, online guidance and counseling is highly demanded in society so as to cope up with today environment and real situation.
The book prefer group counseling, as we know group counseling refer to helping a group of people to find solutions to the group problem. This method became a weakness because the commitment of the whole member of group is not the commitment of individuals in the same group. So whatever solution that can be given by the counselor will not be implemented accordingly because of the differences in the level of satisfaction among the group members hence the problem will not be completely eradicated.


REFERENCE
Gibson,  R, L.& Mitchell, H, M.(2008). Introduction to Counseling and Guidance: India Baba Barkha Nath Pinters.


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