RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.0 Introduction

This chapter describes various methods to be applied in the study namely research design, research area, population of the study, sampling procedures and sample size, data collection techniques as well as data analysis methods.

3.1 Research Approach

Research Approach refers to the whole design of the research which includes process of investigating types of data collection and analysis (Kothari, 2004). The research used mixed research approach, for the purpose of having the room for collecting, analyzing and mixing the data, which are quantitative and qualitative approach. Qualitative approach presented the data in words while Quantitative approach presented the data in statistics through tables, numbers, graphs and percentages on The Impacts of Religion institutions to the Community Members in Mtwara Mikindani Municipality. Both approaches helped to obtain accurate data to the field.

3.2 Research Design

Research design is the decision regarding what, where, when, how much and by what means concerning an inquiry a research study (Kothari, 2004). The study attempted both qualitative and quantitative approach for enquiring about The effect of early marriage practice on education for girls in Mtwara mikindani . Also the study was designed to bring out details from the view points of the participants by using multiple sources of data. The rationale to use mixed research design in this study was to collect quantitative data in a second phase so as to test the qualitative explanations of the first phase of the study therefore, helped in data presentation.

3.3 Research Area

Mtwara Municipal is a coastal district in the south of Tanzania. Mtwara is the capital of the region and boasts excellent industrial and transport infrastructure with a deep-water port, an airport and paved roads linking the town to Mozambique and Lake Malawi. The airport is key to accessibility in the region with daily flights to Dar es Salaam. The other reason for selecting

3.4 The Target Populations

The targeted population of this study centered on Teachers, Students, parents, Education officer and other community members involved in the sample of this study, because these people were much familiar concerned with the issue of early marriage.

3.5 Sampling Techniques

Sampling techniques are methods used in selecting a sample. According to Krishna swami (2004), sampling techniques are classified into two types; Probability and non-probability sampling. The study used simple randomly sampling to select schools and respondents and purposive sampling. The rationale of random procedure was to make equal participation in the study so as to avoid biases.

3.5.1 Purposive sampling     

This refers to the; sampling technique whereby the subjects are selected because of some characteristic (Patton, 1990). In this study purposive sampling was used to select Education officers in order  to get  relabel information  .

3.5.2 Simple random sampling

The study employed simple random technique to allow each member of the population as specified probability of being chosen. The study consisted with simple random sampling as an aspect of   probability technique so as to provide a room for every member of population to have an equal chance of being selected for the sample.

3.6 Sample Size

Sample size refers to the number of item to be selected from the universe (population) to constitute a sample Kothari (2004). Therefore, in this study the total sample size was 40 respondents; whereby 40 respondents  to present the whole population .From this Teacher will be 14,students 20,Education officer 1 and parents 25.

3.7 Methods of Data Collection

Data collection refers to the gathering of information, and at providing some facts in data collection. The researchers must clearly understand of what they hope to obtain and how it will be obtained. The data for this research was collected through interview, questionnaire and observation, which helped to provide clear and reliable data. The data was collected through both primary source of data and secondary sources of data about Thsle effect of early marriage practice on education for girls  in Mtwara Mikindani Municipality.

3.7.1 Interview method

Interview is among of the methods of data collection in which questions are asked orally and subject response is recorded. Interview is a face to face or non-communication in which a researcher use both structured and non-structured interview used as a primary source of data collection used in writing report (Geoffrey, 2007). This is a suitable method because included systematic conversation between an investigator and a respondent and more details about the effect of early marriage practice on education for girls in Mtwara mikindinani municipality.

3.7.2 Questionnaires

Geoffrey (2007) says that questionnaire is the type of data collection where by a researcher use to collect large amount of data in a short period of time. Also, questionnaire is a list of printed questions provided to the respondent in order to obtain information from different participants. Questionnaire helps a researcher to get data in the area where there will be literate people and it helps researcher to collect data in large population when there is limit of time. On other hand, information needed will be easy to design in writing by the researcher. The questionnaire consisted of many questions in written form of open questions so as to allow the respondents as the participants to express their views in a wide range and each targeted population was given questionnaire.

3.7 Data Analysis

The researcher analyzed the data by using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Also, Microsoft excels method was used in data analysis. These were used in order to avoid biases in data analysis. The data was obtained through Questionnaires, interviews and personal observation separated from each other by using tables, charts as well as graphs which helped the researcher to express the findings clearly

 

 

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