literary devices


Literary techniques are specific deliberate constructions of language which an author uses to convey meaning. An author’s use of literary techniques usually occur with a single word or phrase at one single point in text. By using a book THE BEAUTIFUL ONE NOT YET BORN which written by AYI KWEI ARMAH, and A MAN OF THE PEOPLE which written by CHINUA ACHEBE which are portrayed a literary techniques in the books as explained below;
Rhetorical  question  according  to Mh  Abram  are  sentence  in the  grammatical  of  question  which  is  not  asked  in order  to request  information   or  to  invite a reply  but  to a  achieve  a given  day  discourse  foe ample  if we  alter  the rhetorical  question  isn’t  a shame .it  function  as  forceful alternative  to the  assertion it is shame, In a book of the beautiful one are not yet born the author portrayed that man asked to himself “…….why between here and there was it necessary that here should be connection?....” also the visitors asked to the man “…..you think my timber should rot for the forest?.....” (pg 29). Also in the book of man of the people example there is rhetorical question in (118) “…..why should you? Do I know book? Am not of the old testament?....” Those question asked to emphasizes the ideas rather than elicit an answer.
            Personification  Meyer  m (19995)  claim  that  a  form  of  metaphor  in which  human  characteristic  are  attributes  to  non human  things  personification  offer the writer  a way  to give  the  world  life  and  notion  by assigning families  human  behavior  and  emotion  to animals  inanities  object  and  abstract ideas. In a book of the beautiful one are not yet born in (pg 40) “….Eyes have something to register…..), Also in the book of man of the people in (pg 120) “….i falligator comes out of the water one morning and tell you that crocodile is sick….” But in fact the animals cannot speak as human being speak.

            Simile, according  to major  t (1995)  defined  that  is a  common figure  of speech  that  such as  like  as  than  appears  and  seems  .A sip  of  mars  cooks  coffee  is like  a  punch  in  the stomach. The effectiveness of  this  simile  is  elected  by  the  difference  between the two  thing  compared .these  would  be  no  simile  if  the  compression were  is Mrs cooks  coffee  is as  strong  as the  cafeterias  coffee  .This  is  literal  translation  because   Mrs  cooks  coffees is  compressed  with  something  like  it  another kind  of  coffee. In a book of the beautiful one are not yet born (pg 4) “….Begin drained from him living the body filling like as well dry sponge…”  Also in the book of man of the people in (pg 140) “…sadness deeps and cool like a well…” this explosion attribute that being the hunger that stomach is drying from it.
            Symbolism  is  a person ,object  image  or  event  that  evokes range   of addition  meaning  beyond  and  usually  more  abstract  than  it literal  significance According  to  Michael  Meyer  1995) he  added  that  symbol are economic  device  for evoking  complex  idea without  having  to resort  to  painstaking  explain  that  would  make a story  more  like  an essay  than  an  essay  than  an experience .There  are two  types  by  societies  such  are  literacy  or  contextual  symbolic  that  maintain  its  literal  significance  while  suggesting  other  meaning, In a book of the beautiful one are not yet born (pg 30) “ Man” to symbolize a person who do not accept corruption poor life and affected by the beginning poverty in Ghana. also (pg19) “messenger” symbolize a people of Ghana who oppressed and exploited the government leader he won a lotterry by afraiding to go and take the money. Also in the book of man of the people (pg 85) “Chief Nanga” symbolize irresponsible and selfishness people. Even in our society there are some people are irresponsible and selfishness.
            Metaphor  is  figure  of speech  makes  a  comparison  between   unlike  thing  using  the word  like  as  metaphor  assist  metaphor  can  be subtle  and power  and  can  transform  people  ,place ,objective  and  idea  into  whatever  the  writer  imageries  to be  ( Michael  Meyer 1995)
 . In the of  book man of the people “…. When chief Nanga says He has become earth worm (pg 42) which show the hypocrisy to the people.
            Generally literary techniques it is depicted different things which done in the society and deriver the massage in the society for example corruption is inevitable in the society, responsibility is the source of development in the society and disunity and selfishness are source of underdevelopment in the society or any country.


REFFERENCES
Abrams, H.M (1995). Seven editions, A Glossary of Literary. A Harcourt Collage Publisher,
Armah, A.K (1968) The Beautiful One Not yet Born; Houghton Mifflin. Ghana
Meyer, M.(1995).Thinking and Writing about literature Boston: Bed ford Book of St Martin’s press.
Chinua A(1966) A  Man of the People .Heinemann London Uk

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